Blog 4: what i learned about Macromolecules Structures

Macromolecules structures are mainly giant molecules that is made up of polymer and monomers. Macromolecules makes up carbohydrate, lipids, vitamins, proteins, and nucleic acid. I learned that the simplest carbohydrate is the monosaccharide. The common monosaccharide is glucose (C6H12O6) which is a hexose meaning 6 carbon atom in the aldose type (CH=0) making it a aldohexose. Having two monosaccharide joined by (glycosidic) dehydration reaction makes a disaccharide, for example sucrose formed by the bond of glucose and fructose. I learned that the macromolecules also makes fat which are made from smaller molecules by dehydration reactions. Two types of fatty acid is saturated and unsaturated fat. Saturated fat only have single bonds between carbons and its formula H-(CH₂)_n-COOH. Unsaturated have double bonds that force the chain to bend. I learned that vitamins are lipids and or terpenethat has 3 mthyl ring, 2 methyl group, and a alcohol group. I learned that proteins are structured with diverse functions that contains four structures. The first structure is the sequence of amino acids, the second structure is the folding or coiling of the polypeptide from hydrogen bonding, the third structure is the shape of the polypeptide from the interaction of amino acid chain. The fourth structure is when proteins are made more than one polypeptide chain. I learned a nucluic acid stores and sends information from rna and inheriting is based on the copying of the dna.

http://www.etap.org/demo/biology1/instruction8tutor.html